Louis Bookman

Louis Bookman was born in Lithuania, which at the time was a part of the Russian empire. His family name was Buckhalter and his father was a rabbi. In 1895, when Louis was 5, his family left Lithuania in order to escape anti semitism. (Between 1860 and 1914 20% of the population left the region).
The Buckhalters settled in Dublin and anglicized their name to Bookman. Louis first played football for Dublin Adelaide- a club based in the city's Jewish community.
Having begun his senior career with  Belfast Celtic in 1911 Bookman, who played as a winger, joined FA Cup holders Bradford City.
 It took Bookman a couple of seasons to establish himself, but he made 20 appearances in the 1913-14 season. His Ireland debut came in a 2-1 win over Wales on 19th January 1914. He won a further 3 international caps 7 years later.
Bookman joined West Bromwich Albion for the 1914-15 season, but when the war brought a halt to domestic football he returned to Ireland, playing for Shelbourne and Glentoran. 
The post war era saw Bookman in the lower leagues with Luton Town (3rd Division South, 1920-22) and Port Vale (Division 2, 1923-24). He finished his playing days back in Ireland with Shelbourne.
In English football Bookman made a total of 138 first team appearances, scoring 8 goals. 

The Football Combination 1888

When William McGregor founded the Football League there was conjecture who was included and who was excluded. McGregor wanted regular guaranteed fixtures that were financially viable, thus ensuring a steady income allowing the member clubs to sustain professionalism. It was the nature of this exclusivity that led to the condition that only 'one club per town' would be admitted. 

McGregor's initial letter stated:
I am only writing to the following – Blackburn Rovers, Bolton Wanderers, Preston North End, West Bromwich Albion, and Aston Villa, and would like to hear what other clubs you would suggest.

McGregor's chosen 12, as we have seen ,were:
Accrington (Lancashire)
Aston Villa (Birmingham)
Blackburn Rovers (Lancashire)
Bolton Wanderers (Lancashire)
Burnley (Lancashire)
Derby County (Derby East Midlands)
Everton (Liverpool- Lancashire Merseyside)
Notts County (Nottingham East Midlands)
Preston North End (Lancashire)
Stoke (Staffordshire West Midlands)
West Bromwich Albion (Staffordshire West Midlands)
Wolverhampton Wanderers (Staffordshire West Midlands)

Preston were considered the strongest team in the country and McGregor and his associates courted them patiently. Blackburn Rovers were also a dominant force, winning the FA Cup 3 times in succession in the mid 80s.
The other clubs could all be said to have local rivals with an equal if not more credible claim to being included in the elite 12 of British football. (The Football League was never the English league- McGregor hoped that Scottish clubs would be attracted by the venture  cross border friendlies were a proven crowd puller).  Bootle could have been perceived as more deserving of a place than Everton, but Everton were chosen for their commercial potential. Halliwell were strong rivals to Bolton Wanderers and both St George's (then known as Mitchell St George's) and Small Heath were local rivals of McGregor's own Aston Villa club.
One club official was so disgruntled at missing out on the financial security that league football seemed to promise that he set about establishing what has been seen as an alternative to the Football League.
JG Hall of Crewe Alexandra recruited 20 teams and formed not a league as such, but a fixture circle, at least guaranteeing members some regular engagements that would be honoured. The 12 clubs joining the League, of course, would not be readily available for lucrative friendlies in the face of their new commitments. 
The Combination, as the new body was known, failed for a number of reasons. Firstly it was too large to operate as a proper league. There just weren't enough Saturdays between September and April (hence the 16 game rule) It lacked a central organising structure, and placed responsibility for arranging fixtures on individual clubs. This led to  a lack of clarity over the status of fixtures and also to fixtures being unfulfilled.  Also a  number of member clubs were already in a precarious financial position.  The Combination was wound up in April 1889. 
 The most comprehensive reference to Combination fixtures that I have found has been with reference to Newton Heath's season.


Clubs in The Combination for the 1888-89 season were:


Birmingham St George's (Birmingham West Midlands)
Formerly Mitchell St George's- the name change being made in 1888. The club made an unsuccessful application to join the Football League at the end of the 1888-89 season, and joined the Football Alliance.The Alliance combined with the Football League in 1892 but Birmingham St. George's were the only  Alliance member not to be accepted. They disbanded in 1892 because of financial difficulties.

  Blackburn Olympic (Lancashire)
The only team in the Combination to have won the FA Cup, Olympic were now being overshadowed by Blackburn Rovers and went out of business in September 1889.

Bootle

Bootle (Lancashire Merseyside)
The strongest side in Merseyside in the early 1880s. They were shunned in favour of Everton when the Football League was formed. Having applied unsuccessfully in 1889 and 1890  Bootle joined the Football League in 1892 but resigned after one season and were replaced by... Liverpool. 

Burslem Port Vale (Stoke on Trent, Staffordshire, West Midlands)
Currently playing in the 3rd tier of the English pyramid. Joined the Football League with the introduction of the second division in 1892. Became Port Vale in 1907 and dropped out of the Football League until 1919. 

Crewe Alexandra (Cheshire)
Formed in 1877 and currently playing in the 3rd tier of the English pyramid. FA Cup semi finalists in 1888. Played in the Football Alliance until they became founding members of the Second Division in 1892. Lost their league status in 1896, returning in 1921.

Darwen (Lancashire)
The best side in Lancashire until the rise of neighbours Blackburn Rovers and Preston North End. Darwen pionered the use of Scottish professionals. Played in the Football league from 1891-1899 then survived until 2009 in the Lancashire Combination.


Derby Junction (Derby, East Midlands) 
Founded by Junction Street School former pupils' and renamed Derby Junction in1885. They reached the semi finals of the FA Cup in 1888, beating Blackburn Rovers (who had won the Cup in the previous 3 seasons). Founder members of the Midland League in 1890, Derby Junction dropped out in 1893 and ceased to exist by 1895.

Derby Midland (Derby, East Midlands)
Founded in 1881,  joined the Midland League in 1890 and were absorbed by Derby County in 1891.

Grimsby Town (Cleethorpes Lincolnshire)
Formed in 1878 as  Grimsby Pelham. In 1889 the club applied to join the Football League, an application that was refused. Instead the club joined the Football Alliance.
Grimsby Town entered the Football League when it was expanded to two divisions in 1892 .Having failed re-election in 1910 they reentered the league in 1911 and remained members until 2010 . They now play in the 5th tier of English football. 


Halliwell (Bolton, Lancashire)
In the 1880s Halliwell were serious rivals to Bolton Wanderers, but missing out on League status seems to have signaled their demise. In the 1890-91 season they were on the receiving end of a 12-0 thrashing from The Wednesday in the FA Cup. They joined the Lancashire Combination in 1891 but were expelled for failing to fulfill fixtures.

Leek (Staffordshire, West Midlands)
On their first appearance in the FA Cup in 1884-85 Leek lost  2-3 to Queen's Park . Founder members of Midland League, they joined the second incarnation of The Combination in 1890 and left in 1896. Their most successful season was 1893-94 when they finished 3rd.
(Leek have no connection with the current Leek Town).

  Lincoln City (Lincolnshire)
Having being founder members of Division 2 Lincoln  were in and out of the Football League up until its expansion in 1920-21, having faced re election on numerous occasions.
They currently play in the 5th tier of the English pyramid.

Long Eaton Rangers (Derbyshire, East Midlands)
After finishing bottom of the Football Alliance in 1891 Long Eaton joined the Midland League , where they remained until 1899. 

Newton Heath 

Newton Heath (Lancashire, Manchester)

Nottingham Forest (Nottingham, East Midlands)
Forest were a strong club , and their older rivals, Notts County, were on the wane, but the one club per town rule excluded them from joining the chosen 12.

Notts Rangers (Nottingham,  East Midlands)
Formed in 1868. Founder member of Midland League,1889, but expelled in the first season for non- fulfillment of fixtures. 

Small Heath (Birmingham, West Midlands)
Small Heath were founder members of Football League Division Two in 1892-93 and in 1905 changed their name to Birmingham, adding the City in in 1943.

South Shore (Lancashire)
Merged with neighbours and rivals Blackpool in 1899.

Walsall Town Swifts (Staffordshire, West Midlands)
 Walsall Town F.C. and Walsall Swifts merged in 1888 to become Walsall Town Swifts.
Joined the Football League (Division 2) in 1892-93 but survived only one season. Having rejoined the Football League from the Midland League they survived until 1898–99 and then played in minor league or Southern league football until the expansion of the Football League in 1920-21,
 In 1896 they changed their name to Walsall F.C.


Witton (Blackburn)
Not connected with the present day Witton Albion. As St Mark's the Blackburn club were founder members of the Lancashire FA. Witton's high point was probably holding Darwen to a draw in the 3rd round of the 1887-88 FA Cup. In 1890-91 they joined the second version of The Combination, but failed to complete the season. The following year they finished 11th out of 12 in the Lancashire League, having conceded an average of 5 goals per game. Thanks to reader Nemo for helping to clear up some confusion over the identity and location of this club.  


During the 1888-89 season 5 Combination teams reached the last 16 of the FA Cup(Walsall Town Swifts, Birmingham St George's, Nottingham Forest, Halliwell, and  Grimsby Town).

Two players won International honours whilst playing in the Combination:
Frank Burton   (Nottingham Forest) England v Scotland.
Tinsley Lindley  (Nottingham Forest) England v Ireland.

acknowledgemnets to  the F.C.H.D. 

Lucien Boullemier

I'm sure that our regular readers will appreciate a good piece of ceramic art when they see it. Here we have a 1930's New Hall Pottery 'Bourmier Ware' Lustre Dish.
If you look at the signature on the base you will find that it is that of the former Stoke and Burslem Port Vale right half,  Lucien Boullemier...

An interesting life indeed. Lucien Boullemier's father was a French ceramic artist who moved to Stoke to ply his trade. Lucien followed in his father's footsteps. As well as being a talented painter he was also a very keen footballer. He represented Stoke but played most of his first class matches for Burslem Port Vale. When he moved to the United States to work for the Lenox China factory in New Jersey he continued his 'soccer', playing for Philadelphia Hibernian.  Boullemier's finest moment as a player came in 1898. Burslem Port Vale, who were then in the Midland League, (financial problems had forced them to withdraw from the Football league in 1896)  were drawn to play Sheffield United in the first round of the FA Cup. Sheffield United were at the time at the top of division one, having lost only two games all season. The first game at Bramall Lane saw United leveling through a controversial penalty. The replay was on Wednesday 2nd February at Vale's Cobridge Athletic ground.

 Dick Evans put Vale ahead in the first half.  Harry Thickett equalised with 8 minutes remaining. In extra time, Boullemier, who had earlier been poleaxed by a shoulder charge from Willy Foulke, got the winner in extra time. 

There's an account of the game here.

Vale traveled to Burnley in the next round and were beaten 3-0. The finished the season 7th in The Midland league and were re elected to the Football League for the following season.